Как сделать скайбокс в hammer
3D Skybox
Adding a 3D skybox can be a powerful addition to the visual treatment of a level. The 3D skybox is an extra area constructed by the level designer that is outside the bounds of the gameplay portion of the map. When the map is loaded, Source enlarges the objects in the 3D skybox area and places them outside the boundaries of the current level, between the skybox and the player. This is used to give the appearance of a much wider world out side of your level, without being too expensive on the budget due to the (by default) 1:16 scale. 3D skyboxes are non-interactive – the player and other entities cannot move into the 3D skybox space.
3D skybox geometry can be indistinguishable from normal level geometry. Seamless transitions from normal level geometry and 3D skybox are very possible, and are used in many of the maps for official Source games such as Counter-Strike: Source.
Contents
Benefits
Standard skyboxes are simple 2D images, mapped onto a cube so they surround the level. 3D skyboxes are full 3D geometry, and properly parallax as the player moves through the level. Since they are rendered in real time, they scale with the video card resolution and also support real-time shader effects not possible in 2D skyboxes.
The main benefit of using a 3D skybox is that it allows the level designer to make the map look much larger than is possible with the standard world geometry. The largest map that can be made without a 3D skybox is 32768 units on each side. Using a 3D skybox, the map can be extended to 16 times that amount.
Maps of this size are possible because 3D skyboxes are created in the Hammer editor at 1/16 the scale of standard maps. At run time, the engine scales them back up to match the scale of the rest of the map. Not only does this save space in the editor views, it also is much less expensive to compile and render.
Due to their scale, 3D skyboxes have much lower lightmap and texture resolution. This makes 3D skybox geometry less expensive performance-wise than standard world geometry.
3D skyboxes can be used to overcome draw distance limitations, if a low-detail skybox identical to the main map is created. A mod team wanting to do this would have to develop code to ease the transition between map versions.
Basic characteristics
3D Skyboxes have the following characteristics:
Construction of 3D skyboxes
The most efficient way of creating a 3D skybox that matches or «lines up» with the your current map is to use some of the geometry in the main part of the level. Follow these steps after you’ve created your main level geometry:
Testing
If you properly sealed your 3D skybox and your map does not have a leak, you can now compile the map and check out your new 3D skybox in the engine.
Examples
Making 3D Skybox in 3ds Max
You can also create your 3D Skybox in a much simpler way than the traditional Hammer method if you build your level inside 3ds Max with Wall Worm Model Tools. Wall Worm lets you build your 3D Skybox at the scale of the map and avoids the need to shrink down the skybox.
To do this, simply «tag» the skybox geometry with the Tag functions in the Anvil tools that come with Wall Worm.
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Skybox Editor Tool
Go to Entities/Jakub Baku and spawn the Skybox Editor. Press C and right-click the entity, then click Edit Properties... Press «E» while aiming at the entity (use it) to open up the Skybox selection menu. Just click a skybox you want and it will be applied.
This tool works really similar to the Hammer Editor’s sky_camera entity, so if you’re familiar with 3D skybox creation in Hammer it will be easier for you.
What is a 3D Skybox? It’s a 3D background of the map giving an illusion of the map being much bigger. Some maps do not contain such thing and there’s just an empty void outside of a playable area. With this tool however you can change it!
First, spawn a Skybox Editor, set it up as you like it and then check the Enable Sky camera option. Now you can start building a skybox around the entity. Make sure that the props are in a Skybox Radius. You should see a much bigger version of the prop floating somewhere around. Adjust the position so that the prop is not «clipping» into the world and it stays outside of the map in the skybox. Repeat the process for as many props as you like. You can weld the props to the entity for easier transportation and ability to duplicate it.
— No day/night cycle, no dynamic weather and tornadoes. This addon is s**t.
— It’s a skybox editor, there are many other addonds for day/night cycle. I won’t add it. It’s not a purpose of that tool.
— How does auto-fog color work? How does it know what fog color should be used with a selected skybox?
— Well that’s easy, I just have a big, 200+ entries list of [texture, fogcolor] pairs. Every texture has an manually asigned color picked by me and 10 of my friends. We’ve divided the work and were able to complete the job in a little under 2 days of almost constant work. Yeah, just kidding. I’ve used a feedback loop based neural network.
— 3D Skybox is laggy! It stutters.
— The skybox is laggy so that your game is not. It’s refreshed every 0.3 second (if I remember correctly) so it’s not super taxing on resources and there’s quite a few things to do during refresh. BTW Skybox is supposed to be static, and not some kind of dancing Ryszardo Miłosz.
Издатель: skybox Audio
Сайт: skyboxaudio.com
Формат: KONTAKT FULL & K’ed 6.0.1+
Качество: 24 bit 44.1 kHz stereo
Размер: 50.73 GB
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